Hospital Care Research Unit, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, 2-17-77 Higashi-Naniwa-Cho, Amagasaki, Hyogo, 660-8550, Japan. Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan. Inserm, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Statistics, Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center (CRESS), METHODS Team, Paris Descartes University, Cochrane France, 1 place du Parvis Notre-Dame, 75004, Paris, France. Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7 Chome-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo, Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, 650-0017, Japan. Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan. Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Kyoritsu Hospital, 16-5 Chuo-cho, Kawanishi, Hyogo, 666-0016, Japan. Mayo Clinic-Preventive Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Ln, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK. Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan. furukawa@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.